ABSTRACT
Background: In the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in spring 2020, so-called regional medical coordinators (RMCs) were deployed in Bavaria as part of the declared state of emergency in districts and independent cities to coordinate ambulatory care. The experiences were examined in an evaluation project. One aim of the project was to use the data collected to develop recommendations for supporting ambulatory care in future pandemics. Methods: First, cross-sectional surveys of RMCs and general practitioners (GPs) were conducted in parallel, as well as an interview-based qualitative survey of RMCs, GPs and representatives of authorities and the Bavarian Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians (BASHIP). Afterwards, based on the empirical data collected and taking into account available publications and reports, recommendations for decision-makers were developed in a sequential process. Results: The main recommendations are a greater consideration of ambulatory care in catastrophic and emergency situations as well as in the updating of existing emergency and pandemic plans;establishment of systematic advisory and feedback structures for policy-makers and authorities with the involvement of experienced, ambulatory physicians to avoid frictional losses;more efficient use of the existing strength in ambulatory care;pre-definition of persons, responsibilities and tasks on state, district and county level;ensuring adequate supporting infrastructure so that advisory physicians can act efficiently. Conclusions: Although the recommendations were developed in the context of an evaluation project of the Bavarian RMC concept, they could be helpful for future pandemic and emergency situations, also nationwide and outside official disaster situations, if adapted to local conditions. (English) [ FROM AUTHOR] Hintergrund: In der ersten Phase der COVID-19-Pandemie im Frühjahr 2020 wurden in Bayern im Rahmen des ausgerufenen Katastrophenfalls in Landkreisen und kreisfreien Städten sogenannte Versorgungsärzt* innen (VÄ) eingesetzt, um die ambulante Versorgung zu koordinieren. Die Erfahrungen mit diesem Ansatz wurden in einem Evaluationsprojekt untersucht. Ein Ziel des Projektes war es, auf Basis der erhobenen Daten über den Versorgungsarztansatz hinausgehende Empfehlungen zur Unterstützung der ambulanten Versorgung in zukünftigen Pandemien zu erarbeiten. Methoden: Zunächst erfolgten Querschnittsbefragungen von Versorgungsund Hausärzt*innen sowie eine interviewbasierte qualitative Befragung von Versorgungs-, Hausärzt*innen und Vertreter*innen von Behörden und der Kassenärztlichen Vereinigung Bayerns. Auf Basis der erhobenen Daten wurden in einem sequenziellen Prozess Empfehlungen für Entscheidungsträger*innen erarbeitet. Ergebnisse: Hauptempfehlungen sind eine stärkere Berücksichtigung der ambulanten Versorgung in Katastrophen- und Notfallsituationen sowie bei der Aktualisierung vorhandener Katastrophenund Pandemiepläne;der Aufbau systematischer Beratungsund Feedbackstrukturen für Politik und Behörden unter Einbindung erfahrener niedergelassener Ärzt*innen zur Vermeidung von Reibungsverlusten;eine effizientere Nutzung der vorhandenen Stärke des ambulanten Bereichs;Personen, Zuständigkeiten und Aufgaben für die Ebenen Land, Bezirk, Kreis vorab festlegen;angemessene, unterstützende Infrastruktur sicherstellen, damit beratende Ärzt*innen effizient agieren können. Schlussfolgerungen Obwohl die Empfehlungen im Rahmen einer Evaluation des bayerischen Versorgungsarztansatzes entstanden sind, könnten sie, an die lokalen Gegebenheiten angepasst, auch bundesweit und außerhalb des offiziellen Katastrophenfalles für zukünftige Pandemie- und Notfallpläne hilfreich sein. (German) [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of ZFA: Zeitschrift für Allgemeinmedizin is the property of Deutscher Aerzte-Verlag GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: During the state of emergency in Bavaria in the early Corona phase 2020, some physicians in ambulatory care were appointed as regional medical coordinators (RMCs). The aim of the present study was to evaluate this newly introduced but temporary position. METHODS: In November 2020, a paper-based questionnaire was sent out to all 85 RMCs who could be identified through an internet research and to all 197 teaching practices of the Institute of General Practice and Health Services Research at the Technical University of Munich. The data analysis was descriptive and anonymised. RESULTS: Overall, 75 (88%) RMCs and 156 (79%) general practitioners (GPs) were included. 97% of the RMCs and 67% of the GPs assessed the introduction of RMCs in ambulatory care as reasonable, but also as an intervention concerning the self-administration of physicians (RMCs: 59% and GPs: 42%). 37% of the GPs stated that RMCs should be avoided as far as possible in future pandemic situations. Overall, GPs with more intensive contact to an RMC showed higher levels of agreement. Both groups rated the collaboration and communication strategies of politics, authorities and the Bavarian Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians as difficult and often contradictory. However, most of the RMCs assessed the cooperation with politics and authorities at the local level as positive. The lack of medical protective equipment at the beginning of the pandemic was judged critically by both groups of the respondents. CONCLUSIONS: The establishment of RMCs in the early Corona phase 2020 in Bavaria was considered sensible by almost all RMCs and the majority of the surveyed GPs. For the future, it seems necessary to involve primary care physicians more intensively and permanently in decision-making processes and to strengthen existing structures.